No bro I want how the program is flowing and how the variable is changing its value

https://godbolt.org/ Or use this website. It's pretty handy.

Bro... Is there any offline software for it

Bro... Is there any offline software for it

Actually I want to know how compiler is preserving value of variables

Is it possible to convert from a string datatype to an int datatype in c++?

Is it possible to convert from a string datatype to an int datatype in c++?

Is it possible to convert from a string datatype to an int datatype in c++?

How do you use C for hacking. How do you even start

Hi guys. Tell me how best to do it. My project consists of 3 libraries. 1. The library is built on mongoc that connects to mongodb 2. Log - built on spdlog 3. Account - which registers the user, authorization, and so on. And I think how to do database logging. So far, I just have spdlog output. But how is it better to return an error from the library? With getError(), or create an ErrorHandler class, or let's say collection.find() should go as an error return value? If create an ErrorHandler then how to combine it with spdlog ? if getError() then what is it to return, a string or a struct?

Bro... Is there any offline software for it

main.c: In function ‘main’: main.c:18:9: error: expected identifier or ‘(’ before ‘&’ token 18 | int &k= p; | ^ main.c:19:6: error: ‘k’ undeclared (first use in this function) 19 | &k=3; | ^ main.c:19:6: note: each undeclared identifier is reported only once for each function it appears in

#include<stdio.h> #include<stdlib.h> // using namespace std; int f (int &x, int &c) { x=4; c=5; return x*c; } int main() { int p=5; printf("return value %d",f(p,p)); return 0; }

even this will not work in c ?

you are using the addresses of parameters in f

f(*p,*p) {i made confusion, sorry about that}

You don't need to dereference a value, the code above looks like valid C++ code

#include<stdio.h> #include<stdlib.h> // using namespace std; int f (int &x, int &c) { x=4; c=5; return x*c; } int main() { int p=5; printf("return value %d",f(p,p)); return 0; }

In C it will probably become something like this https://wandbox.org/permlink/D6DzDC805gmrnEH8

This depends on a lot of things. There is no one right answer. This depends on your code, your architecture and your Long Term Vision plans. Basically you want a mechanism to do error handling from the Account library. How you do this depends on what clients of this library expect from the chosen error handling mechanism. Are you intending to create an alternative for clients to do if a call to your library fails? Or is the error that you return from your library just a FYI that you expect the client to log and not be able to do much after that. If it is the former case, then designing an exception hierarchy would be a choice. If your organisation doesn't allow exceptions, then you can return a struct with as much information as possible to help the client recover or try alternatives. If it is the latter case then you can return a error string encapsulated in a DBError struct (this allows you the possibility of extending this struct in future). (Look at std::expected. This class is like EitherOr in Functional programming languages that aids with better error handling mechanisms. It is available only in C++23 but is easy to implement using C++14 itself. There are many implementations available). The client can log the error string (if it is not a library itself) or pass it on to upstream clients (if it is another library) to inform about the error or even wrap it in an exception. Again, like I said there is no one right answer and the choice depends on your needs and your future plans.

int main() { int p=5; int &k=p; k=2; //printf("return value %d",f(p,p)); printf("\nafter work %d",p); return 0; }

Solved or need my help

c or c++?

c

i wanted to know that can i use & to make reference variable and can i do swap(a,b);//function call swap(int &a,int &b)//function defination

i wanted to know that can i use & to make reference variable and can i do swap(a,b);//function call swap(int &a,int &b)//function defination

When '+' Associativity is from left to right, why this program is ambiguous it should call f1 then f2.

When '+' Associativity is from left to right, why this program is ambiguous it should call f1 then f2.

Hi All, I have created a stack template class I have included the header file in main.cpp but it gives me error as undefined reference to every function I use from stack class. Please let me know what I am doing wrong here; https://www.onlinegdb.com/ESs9QrysS PS: if i include stack.cpp it works

When '+' Associativity is from left to right, why this program is ambiguous it should call f1 then f2.

No. Associativity is different from order of execution. Associativity ensures that the result of F1() is added to the result of F2(). But it does not ensure that F1() is evaluated before F2(). A compiler can evaluate F2() and then evaluate F1() and then add the former result to the latter result.

You can't separate a template class across a header file and an implementation file. There are ways around this but require more effort The simplest way to fix this would be to move the contents of stack.cpp to stack.hpp

Thanks for the quick answer but its still giving the same error 😐

Means you haven't done what was suggested. Can you share the godbolt link with the new changes?

I don't know how to use godbolt I have added the codes as #1 #2 and #3 https://godbolt.org/z/sjfPo5Pzc

Did you understand what I asked you to do in my previous message? I asked you to get rid of stack.cpp and put all its contents in stack.h instead. Templates dont work like normal classes. Template definitions must be visible at the time of instantiation. If they are not then you will get a linker error.