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The network topology (especially in the access segment) dramatically affects the complexity of the design at other
layers, so we strongly recommend that you plan carefully. Often, the topology itself is dictated by other factors, such
as the existing optical infrastructure, which can be difficult to change. You can plan the network segments (access,
preaggregation, and aggregation) and the number of devices in each interior gateway protocol (IGP) region, taking into
consideration restrictions on timing and synchronization, bandwidth requirements, and the overlaid transport layer.